The healthy cornea and tear film obtain oxygen from the air with each blink. When wearing contact lenses, the contact moves on the cornea about a millimeter with each blink to allow oxygen to enter through the cornea to supply nutrients that keep it clear and healthy.
When you sleep in your contacts, the barrier of the contact lens alone inhibits nutrients and oxygen from entering into the cornea since no blinks occur when the eyes are closed. If there is a lack of oxygen, the cornea will start to develop tiny, new blood vessels that grow onto the cornea, and these blood vessels can start to damage the cornea by causing persistent inflammation, irritation, scarring and potentially lead to vision loss.
Sleeping in contacts also allows for microbes and bacteria from the contact lens or elsewhere to multiply overnight. Preventing the oxygen and nutrients from entering the cornea, the contact acts like an incubator for bacteria while you sleep. This can lead to even further complications, like a corneal ulcer, which can be vision threatening and lead to the need for a corneal transplant.
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